When was madras high court established

A Legal Aid Clinic had been opened for mentally disabled persons at Mugappair and a panel lawyer is being deputed. Legal aid clinics have also been opened in the premises of the Juvenile Justice Board at Chennai for giving legal advice to juveniles in conflict with law. The panel lawyers are deputed to these clubs once in a month for briefing the students about salient features of important laws.

Local Problems will be discussed there and proper legal advice will be given. The short film is made available in the form of Compact Discs and was forwarded to all the District Authorities and Taluk Committees with a direction to display the same while conducting Lok Adalats and legal Literacy Camps 2.

Para Legal Volunteers will be engaged in all the legal aid clinics. They will also be engaged in the front office of the ADR Centre. The process of identification of Para Legal Volunteers and to give training to them is going on. Tiruvannamalai on Now, in order to make the Lok Adalat continuous and permanent one, two separate courts are established in the principal seat of the High Court, Madras on a day today basis and also Lok Adalat are organized in the District headquarters every month, presided over by the sitting Judges of High Court.

The Government has also appointed a Nodal Officer to monitor so as to enable the various Departments to participate in the Lok Adalat and to represent their views to assess the eligibility of the grievances of retired persons.

In case, the grievances of the retired persons have to be considered on compassionate grounds, the Presiding Judge makes the request to the Government, for passing of a special Government Order to provide the benefits to the retired persons. The benefits obtained by the retired persons through Pension Adalat are a milestone in the Legal Aid Programme.

The first prison Lok Adalat was inaugurated on In Vellore, there are two prisons, one for males and another for females and for each of those prisons, Prison Adalat is established.

The functioning of Prison Adalats has reduced not only the pendency of cases but also the prison population. Simultaneously this Authority is creating awareness among the public on the concept of mediation and the methods of ADR.

We hope the settlement of cases with the aid of ADR Centres would be very encouraging in the days to come 1. Chennai 2. Vellore 3. Krishnagiri 4. Salem 5. Theni 6. Tiruvarur 7. Madurai 8. Namakkal 9. Cuddalore Ramanathapuram Dindigul Trichirappalli Villupuram Tiruvannamalai Chengalpattu Kanyakumari Tirunelveli Thoothukkudi Virudhunagar Tiruvallur Nagapattinam Perambalur Erode Thanjavur Sivaganga Nilgris Coimbatore Dharmapuri Pudukottai This programme is being telecast on every Saturday The duration of programme is 25 minutes.

Thus, on and from Accordingly, from 1. Complaints if any are heard from the people and solutions are suggested. Wherever necessary, the complaints are taken to the office of the Authority and appropriately dealt with. People are also educated on their legal rights, how and where to assert them, and whom to be contacted for legal assistance etc.

The Clinic offered legal advice and rendered preventive legal services, enlightening the public of their legal rights and duties. A group of Lawyers on the panel of the Clinic rendered their services to parties in Civil and Criminal matters. Further, it gave research support to the solution of poverty-related problems and suggested legislative changes and administrative reforms.

Eventually, the activities of the Clinic diversified into consumer movements, environmental protection, community health and group legal services for workers and peasants. All this while, it functioned as a voluntary agency subsisting on the free services of social-minded Judges, lawyers, law teachers and law students. Soon on A chapter of accidents in early Criminal Procedure. Nye Singh had been tried and sentenced to transportation for life on the 27th August, by the Assistant Commissioner of Kumaon in respect of an offence committed before the Indian Penal Code came into force.

By a curious process, Mr. Justice Spankie, who was the junior of the two Judges, in a pencil note scribbled on a scrap of envelope, wrote "Division of opinion, lay before a third Judge". In due course, the case came before Mr.

Justice Pearson, who agreed with Mr. Justice Spankie. The Point had been overlooked, however, that there was then no provision, as there is now, for laying a case before a third judge in the event of an equal division of opinion on a Division Bench. The Letters Patent of the Court at that time provided that the opinion of the Senior Judge should prevail, that is to say, in this case, the opinion of Mr.

The convict, therefore, applied to the High Court probably in revision for a retrial in accordance with Mr. This application was, in due course, heard by a Full Bench of the four available Judges of the Court.

Justice Turner declaring for the new trial on the one hand, and Mr. Justice Ross and Mr. Justice Spankie, on the other hand, being for upholding the conviction. In the end the conviction stood there being no majority of the Court willing to set it aside , with a strong hint by the Court itself that the best thing that could happen in the interests of all parties would be that the prisoner should receive a free pardon.

Whether he was fortunate enough to be pardoned is unknown. But the case may be fairly described as an early chapter of accidents in criminal procedure. Other criminal appeals in included a case of suttee from Jaunpur, in which the High Court had occasion to observe that it was the second case within a short time and that it was, therefore, necessary to be severe.

The "Dullals". There was class of professional touts, who infested the railway station and the precincts of the Courts. An attempt was made, much to their credit, by some of the Vakils themselves to have this traffic stopped. Pledged to suppress malpractices of this kind, which must be taken as the embryo of the Bar Council of today. Exploitation of Litigants.

In other respects, also, the new bar was in some ways not in a very healthy condition in Fees were very high and that there was considerable exploitation in the Province of the litigant public by Vakils and Barristers alike can hardly be doubted. There were complaints on all hands of extravagant fees and of the high cost of litigation. This was not confined to the lower strata of Pleaders and, from what can be gathered from contemporary reports, as often as not lawyers were remunerated by results.

Lord Cornwallis had a long time before, on the 11th February, Parlt. Papers and , written a minute which showed that the administration of justice in India was hampered by the absence of a properly organized legal profession.

Suitors either appeared in the person, or appointed unorganized Vakils or Pleaders or their own servants and Pairokars to appear for them. The persons who practiced as Vakils were at that very early date often of low character and had no reputation to lose by misconduct. They took bribeds and, if directed in misconduct in one court, they moved to another. They were ignorant of Hindu and Mohomedan law, as well as English law. To remedy this a certain number of Vakils had been licensed at the end of the eighteenth or the beginning of the nineteenth century, who were to have a monopoly of practice in the courts.

They were to take on oath to execute their duties properly, rules were to be made as to their gratification and provision was made for their education at the Mohamadan College at Calcutta and at the hindu College at Benares 9. There was, therefore, a background of disorganization which had no doubt resulted in a good deal of malpractice, which gave rise to the strictures passed on the legal profession of those days. But that there had also quickly developed a great body of most honourable and able professional men is certain, to whom, like those who presented an address to the High Court in , these things were, and are, anathema.

It is interesting, also, to see how the controversies and debates, which we hear today, were not new even in There were the same old contentions as there are now, as to the relative merits of the professional and the unprofessional judge, and also as to the advantages of a separate judicial service, all of which only goes to show that public opinion is, or so far has been, a poor match for bureaucracy in India.

At this date, and until about , a Criminal Session was of course, held by the High Court at Allahabad for the trial of European British subjects. The Long Vacation. The long vacation of the High court from its inception started in the beginning of September, and so remained until it was altered in May It has a duration of only six weeks now and is known as Summer vacation.

In November , Mr. Standford became the Registrar of the High court. But he remained as Registrar for less than a year as in he was appointed the first Judicial Commissioner of British Burma, an office which he filled with great distinction for many years.

In the spring of , the Chief Justice took leave to England. I am taking leave of you for six months only". Sir Walter Morgan was a simple man, who disliked ceremony. During his absence, Mr.

Justice Turner acted as Chief Justice. There are perhaps two incidents of which are worth recording. During the year the famous Law member, Mr. Fitz James Stephen, paid a visit to Allahabad, where in the middle of his many other preoccupations over the Penal Code, the Criminal Procedure Code, the Civil Procedure Code and the Evidence Act, he found time to deliver a speech on the "Permanent Settlement" then a subject much in debate.

The other incident does not concern Allahabad, but Patna, where the Wahabees were about to be tried. To defend them no less eminent a person than Sergeant Ballantyne of Old Bailey fame from England had been instructed, and he was announced to pass through Allahabad on Saturday, the 29th April, He never came, however, and what had happened to him was for a time something of a local mystery.

But the not uninteresting explanation was that Sergeant Ballantyne never left England, since early in may he was to be found in London opening the case for the claimant before Chief Justice Bovill in the famous Tichbourne case Robert Stuart, Q. He arrived in allahabad with Lady Stuart in November and was sworn in on the 22nd, Sir Walter Morgan leaving for Madras on the same day.

Though there was no display of emotion and no ceremonial leave taking of the retiring Chief Justice, it is clear that his departure was universally regretted.

He had successfully accomplished the difficult task of creating a new High Court, and had raised the tone of the judicial service and the strength of the local bar, of both branches of which he held the confidence. He did not perhaps, leave behind him a judicial reputation to equal that of Sir Barnes Peacock, who was almost his contemporary in Calcutta. But he scarcely had the same opportunities for doing so.

Nevertheless, he was spoken of within living memory as a distinguished Judge. If there is anything to complain of in the stewardship of Sir Walter Morgan, it must be that he has left behind him so few traces of himself. But that was apparently his character. Macpherson later became on the first Judges of the Calcutta High Court.

William Jardine, the first Government Advocate of the North Western Provinces was possibly a younger brother of John Jardine, a member of the Bombay Civil Service, who after a distinguished career during which he was for a time Judicial Commissioner of Burma and Recorder of Rangoon besides being Secretary to the Commission which tried the Gaekwar of Baroda in , finally in became a Judge of the Bombay High Court.

And Ascenti challenged three of them. The High Court came in to place in Adhilakshmi Logamurthy, secretary, Women Lawyers Association, says she makes it a point to visit the statue of Muthuswamy Iyer every day.

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