What is the difference between geological and geographical

It is of thc utmost importance to the mariner, and all who trust themselves upon the ocean, that there should be perfect and reliable charts and instructions, deduced from practical observations, of the route they are about to travel. It is equally necessary that every current should be indicated and soundings taken, aud the depth of water, at various points, marked on the charts, so that every ocean and sea may become as well known as the Atlantic, from New York to Liverpool.

Commerce demands geographers to work in this field, and the saving of human life is their reward. Again, it is necessary that the land should be equally well mapped out, in order that boundaries may be accurately determined, and the divisions of States and countries may be truly known.

It may seem surprising to some of our readers, that the destiny of a nation often depends on a geographical question. The late war between Great Britain and Russia was one of boundary, and the Paris Conference was called to settle the question; and there are many parallel cases in history where one geographer would have settled a question which took many battles and victories to determine.

Geology is important, as developing the resources of a countryits explorations are requisite to make out where the coal, iron and mineral veins are concealedto discover the locnlity of building stones, and marbles, and of clays for bricks, and also to determine their extent, and the best places to commence their working. Now, let us inquire the means at command for attaining these objects. The governments of nearly every country having any pretensions to civilization have now an org'anized body of scientific men to make these geographical and geological charts, sections and maps.

IVe have a Coast Survey, and we are occasionally sending out exploring expeditions whose aim is to do the work we have mentioned. Geography is the study of the physical features of the Earth and its atmosphere, and of human activity as it affects and is affected by these, including the distribution of populations and resources and political and economic activities.

The main difference between geology and geography is that geology studies the structure and formation of earth whereas geography deals with the topography of Earth. Geology is an Earth science which studies the physical structure and substance of Earth; it also studies the dynamic and physical history of the Earth, and the physical and biological processes that create and act on them.

Plate tectonics, the evolutionary history of life, past climates are some of the key areas studied in geography. It mainly deals with the physical properties of the Earth. The knowledge of geology becomes useful evaluating water resources, understanding of environmental problems and natural hazards as well.

Geography is a scientific field that deals with the study of the land, its features, inhabitants, and the phenomena of Earth.

Geography attempts to understand why things are found where they are, and how they change or develop over time. It incorporates aspects of culture, people, settlements, landforms, and politics, etc. A geographer asks a special question on how and why things are around or distributed in a certain way on the surface of the Earth.

It examines these arrangements and distributions on many different scales and asks questions on how interactions of different natural and human activities on the surface of the Earth help to shape the characteristics of the world in which we live. A geographer would want to understand where things are located and why they are found in those locations; how things in distant places influence each other over time, and why people who live in certain locations and places have impacted their surroundings in a particular way.

Geology like any other field of study has several branches which include biogeology, economic geology, engineering geology, geomorphology, environmental geology, geologic modeling, geochemistry, geophysics, hydrogeology, historical geology, marine geology, mineralogy, and volcanology. Other branches of geology include structural geology, petrology, petroleum geology, paleontology, mining geology, sedimentology, and stratigraphy.

Although geology is the study of the Earth's subsurface, the discipline also studies the structures of other planetary bodies, which is another branch of geology known as planetary geology. Geography is divided into two broad categories of human geography and physical geography. Human geography is also known as Anthropogeography, and it studies human societies, economies, cultures, and their relationship with the environment.

It looks at human patterns, dispersion, level of interrelationships, and how they affect or influence the environment. This is generally about the study of human activities using quantitative and qualitative research techniques. Physical geography or physiography is the branch of geography that studies the patterns and processes in a natural environment such as the geosphere, biosphere, hydrosphere, and atmosphere.

Besides these two broad categories of geography, there are other categories which include geomatics, integrated geography, and regional geography among several other branches. Geologist uses different types of numerical modeling, laboratory, and field methods to try and understand the different processes taking place below the Earth's surface.